John Darnton created an elaborate outline of The Darwin Conspiracy before ever sitting down to write it. In it, he drew timelines of Darwin's life and what was happening in England. He also took extensive notes on his research trip to the Galapagos Islands.
A sample from the timeline of Darwin's life:
Click on the timelines to enlarge them
A sample from the timeline of England's history:
Sample pages from John Darnton's notes taken on his research trip to the Galapagos Islands: